California has three initial points; Mount Diablo Base and Meridian (est. 1851) (center), San Bernardino Base and Meridian (est. 1852) (bottom), and Humboldt Base and Meridian (est. 1853) (top). Initial points are the starting points, and were established to describe and enable the government to sell public lands covering California and Nevada which were part of the Public Lands Survey System (PLSS).
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MOUNT DIABLO INITIAL POINT
Established in July 1851 by Colonel and Deputy Surveyor Leander Ransom atop Mount Diablo, now part of the Mount Diablo State Park, in Contra Costa County, California. The Mount Diablo Initial Point is the historical geodetic reference location to serve as the origin point for the Mount Diablo Meridian and Baseline used for Public Land Surveys for most of Northern California, and all of Nevada.
www.clui.org/projects/initial-points-anchors-america%E2%80%99s-grid/init...
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SAN BERNARDINO INITIAL POINT
Established on November 7, 1852, by Colonel and Deputy Surveyor Henry Washington. The San Bernardino Initial Point is the surveying reference marker located near San Bernardino Peak, at an elevation of over 10,000 feet. It served as the baseline and meridian origin for nearly all Public Land surveys in Southern California.
www.clui.org/projects/initial-points-anchors-america%E2%80%99s-grid/init...
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HUMBOLDT INITIAL POINT
Established on October 6, 1853, by Deputy Surveyor Henry Washington. The Humboldt Initial Point is a historic geodetic survey marker located at the summit of Mount Pierce in Humboldt County, California, and serves as the origin point for the Humboldt Meridian and Baseline, which govern Public Land surveys in northwestern California.
www.clui.org/ludb/site/humboldt-meridian-initial-point